First aid training made easy - burns
First Aid Training made easy
Providing a safe home for children – Burns & Scalds
Burns are always painful, sometimes disfiguring and occasionally fatal. A severe scald can inflict a serious injury and may mean a long stay in hospital. It may also require painful skin grafts and years of treatment, and can result in permanent scarring. A severe scald over a large skin area can be fatal.
However toddlers are curious and like to explore their surroundings. At this age they have no reason to fear hot water and hot drinks; they don’t know they burn like fire. Toddlers/children have sensitive skin; it burns far more easily than adult skin. Children under four years of age are at most risk, especially those aged between one and two years.
Can they be prevented in the home?
Children are most at risk when you are either:
- Rushing around, under a lot of pressure maybe attending to your other children or just keeping a home tidy
- Not feeling very well, or just plain tired from not sleeping
- Entertaining friends
- On holidays, visiting friends or family or generally out of normal routine.
Some tips on safe guarding our toddlers are:
· Never leave hot things unattended on a table, toddlers enjoy pulling on trailing tablecloth corners - Instead place hot items in the centre of the table away from small children
· Avoid drinking anything hot while holding or carrying children; and never pass any hot item over their heads
· Always turn saucepan handles away from the edge of the stove
· Adjust your hot water system to a lower temperature (ask an electrician)
· Keep fires of all kinds (including heaters) well guarded
· Buy tracksuit type pyjamas with tight cuffs and closely fitting dressing gowns, they are the safest nightwear design and when buying children’s nightwear observe the fire warnings on the label. If you make your children’s nightwear, observe the fire rating on the material. Avoid “all cotton”, chenille, and molleton, flannelette and acrylic fabrics. Acrylic fabrics melt to the skin when on fire!
· Be ready to put your first aid training knowledge and skills in to practice
First Aid Training for Burns
A minor burn or scald can be treated at home, if it only damages the superficial layer of skin and if it is fairly small (less than 20 cent piece – approx 2.5cm). if severe pain in and around the injury is felt it usually indicates a superficial burns, whereas numbness probably means the burn is deep and the skin can take on a grey colour or even be charred and peeling.
With burns and scalds the toddler or any casualty should be watched very carefully for signs of shock (For example – pale cold clammy skin, vague weakness to total collapse. This is a serious condition which may even be fatal, ant it will require urgent medical attention.
The principle aim taught in first aid training is to relieve pain and prevent further damage, for burns this is by cooling the area, therefore you should:
- Act fast it will reduce the severity of a burn.
- Apply lots of cold tap water (do not use ice) to the burn for at least 20–30 minutes.
- Unless it is actually stuck to the skin, remove wet clothing only if the skin is not blistered, or the clothing has been immersed in hot fat, boiling water or chemical agents. Do not remove cooled, dry, burned clothing as this could introduce infection.
- Carefully and gently remove anything tight such as jewellery or constricting clothing. Burns cause swelling and it may hinder circulation.
- Cover the injury with clean dry gauze, or a sterile , unmedicated dressing, if you around the kitchen anything that is non adhesive and clean – wet sheet, non-fluffy towel or tea towel, Clingfilm (gladwrap) or a new plastic bag could be used. Do not use an adhesive dressing, cotton wool, or any fluffy material. If you are taking the toddler or casualty to the hospital just cover the burn lightly, as ant dressing will have to be removed there.
- When applying first aid training to a toddler or casualty suffering from severe burns or scalds, follow the same steps above for minor scalds and burns. However seek emergency medical treatment (Call 000/112) if you are in any doubt about the severity or the treatment of the injury.
· The burn is larger than 2.5cm, and/or the injury involves more than just the outer layers of skin
· There is severe blistering or charring
· The toddler or casualty is showing severe pain
· Either the hands or face have been burnt
· The burns were caused by chemicals
· The toddler shows any symptoms of shock (weakness, fainting, nausea, pale cold clammy skin, shallow breathing with a weak but increased pulse rate
Never use butter, oils or ointments to cover the burn, as they may retain the heat.
Never use ice. Children can be dangerously chilled in ice water.
What is a serious/severe Burn?
Burns are serious if they involve the face, hands, feet, genitals or bottom, or if the burnt area is larger than a twenty-cent piece. Burns to the mouth and throat result from swallowing very hot liquid or corrosive chemical, or just inhaling very hot smoke or air. They can be extremely serious because the throat can swell quickly, therefore closing the airway, making it difficult to breath or sometimes completing closing the airway, whereas CPR maybe required until help arrives
Disclaimer: the content displayed is for information and educational purposes only. It does not replace, nor should it be considered an alternative to proper medical consultation and care
Paul Milne (Alibi Training Australia) is a recognised workplace Health, Safety and Communication specialists for businesses needing accredited and employee development training. Unlike other training organisations Alibi Training provides focused delivery methods combined with progressive assessment and practical interaction, reducing the amount of time your staff is away from their roles. Find more articles about: First Aid Training made easy - Providing a safe home – Could you save a live at: =>www.alibitraining.com.au/ArticlesResources.html